The Alpine Merino sheep is a new breed that has been successfully cultivated using advanced modern breeding techniques, using the Australian Merino sheep as the parent of the Gansu alpine fine-wool sheep. The variety adapts to the 2400-4070m ecological zone and has good resistance to stress and ecological differentiation. The fineness of the wool reaches 19.1-21.5 microns. The performance index and comprehensive quality exceed the same type of Australian Merino, achieving the Australian beauty. Linuo sheep are domestically produced in high-altitude cold-arid ecological regions in China, which enriches the structure of sheep breed resources. 1 Alpine Merino breed characteristics 1.1 appearance characteristics The appearance of the alpine Merino sheep is typical of Merino breeds, with strong physique, well-proportioned structure, and rectangular shape. Rams have large or no horns in spirals, and ewes have no horns. The ram has horizontal folds or longitudinal folds, the ewes have longitudinal folds, and the body skin of the male and female is loose and wrinkle-free. The coat is white and hairy, with uniform structure, high density, good gloss, good closure, oily white or milky white, and normal bending. The main diameter of wool fiber is 19.1-21.5μm. Fine hair is born in the head to the two eyes, the forelimb to the wrist, and the hind limb to the hocks. 1.2 Production performance The Alpine Merino sheep have outstanding growth and development. The average weight of adult rams is 89.25kg, and the average weight of adult ewes is 46.97kg. Excellent wool production performance, adult ram wool fiber diameter 19.63μm, hair length 10.47cm, shear volume 9.74kg; adult ewe wool fiber diameter 19.92μm, wool length 9.30cm, shear 4.36kg; ram wool fiber diameter 18.40 Îœm, hair length 10.68cm, shear volume 7.18kg, net hair volume 3.84kg; ewes wool fiber diameter average 18.89μm, hair length 10.56cm, shear volume 4.16kg, net hair volume 2.39kg. Alpine Merino males and ewes are sexually matured from 6 to 8 months of age, with an initial age of 18 months. The reproductive rate of adult ewes is 110%-125%, and the survival rate of lambs is more than 95%. 1.3 Meat Performance Alpine Merino sheep have excellent meat performance. Under grazing and feeding conditions, the slaughter rate of adult goats is 48.48%, the carcass weight is 43.26kg, carcass net meat rate is 75.98%, the slaughter rate of adult ewes is 48.07%, carcass weight is 22.58kg. The net carcass meat rate was 75.34%. 2 Breeding System Construction At present, at the core breeding base in Gansu Province sheep breeding technology promotion station has been formed mainly of alpine Merino sheep, with the goal of “consolidating fine shapes, highlighting superfine, and exploring multiple birthsâ€, and established a standard three-grade breeding system. A relatively complete internal structure of the species has been formed, which meets the requirements for the construction of improved breeding systems and has formed a certain scale. By the end of 2015, 27,706 new varieties of alpine Merino sheep had reached variety requirements, including 302 rams of 22 ancestry, 19648 adult rams, 374 rams and 7382 ewes. Special grade sheep accounted for 86.86% of reproductive ewes, and 2-5 year old females accounted for 70.92% of the population. The main diameter of wool fibers is 19.1-21.5 μm, of which 19.1-20.0 μm accounted for 69%, 20.1-21.5 μm accounted for 23%, and 19.0 μm accounted for 8%. The adult ewes of the core group accounted for 71.21% of the nucleus of the nucleus herd, and the proportion of sheep with a special class reached 97.18%. Adult ewes of the breeding population accounted for 73.65% of the ewes of the breeding herd, and special sheep accounted for 83.99% of the breeding ewes. The improvement group is mainly distributed in the Sunan Yugu Autonomous County and Tianzhu Tibetan Autonomous County around the core group field and the breeding population field. 3 Problems in Breeding The Alpine Merino sheep was bred and developed successfully on the basis of the Gansu alpine fine-wool sheep. Over the years, we have not stopped the breed breeding and raising work, and devoted the efforts of several generations to the development of the Alpine Merino sheep. Variety. However, there are also certain problems in the development and it is facing a grim situation. 3.1 The number of new breeds is small and the production level is relatively low. The number of high-quality alpine Merino sheep that meet the market demand is still very limited. 3.2 The technology renewal is slow, the breeding system is not perfect, the price of high-quality breeding sheep is high, and farmers and herdsmen have difficulty in accepting it, resulting in slow promotion and improvement. 3.3 The fine-wool sheep production in the reformed base county is more fragmented than the scale, intensification, and industrialization. It is still dominated by the traditionally extensive family management system and feeding patterns, and breeding methods such as breed improvement and artificial insemination are difficult to implement. 3.4 The breeding efficiency is low. Farmers and herdsmen feel that it is uneconomical to raise fine wool, and the unreasonable market for the ratio of meat to fur causes a decline in the number of fine-bred sheep breeding, and the phenomenon of “reversing reform†has appeared in some places. 3.5 The main producing areas and expansion base counties lack sufficient capital investment and continuous good-reform mechanisms. The construction of infrastructure such as artificial insemination stations, sheds and forage bases lags behind, the social service system mechanism is not smooth, and the technology is weak. 3.6 The standardization of fine wool production is not high, especially in the post-management issues such as shearing, grading, packaging, and transaction. There is no scientific standard to regulate and can not meet the needs of today's wool textile industry. 3.7 Degradation of grassland vegetation, blindly demanding more grassland, less protection, fine wool sheep "food and clothing" problem has not been solved, fodder base construction is lagging behind, in winter and spring withered grass nutrition level is not balanced. 4 Future Trends in Breeding 4.1 Strengthen the promotion and protection of improved breeds. It is necessary to generally increase the awareness of new fine wool sheep breeds, strengthen macro-control, scientifically formulate development plans, and rationally allocate and protect the stable, healthy and sustainable development of fine wool sheep industry in our province. Focus on the development of ultra-fine varieties of more than 70 alpine Merino sheep, highlight the development of multi-fetal strains, pay attention to the development of meat production performance, to the diversification of the direction of the development of the line, but also to guide the establishment of a reasonable and efficient breed breeding system. 4.2 Speed ​​up the breeding process of this species. Always aim at improving the fineness and net hair yield of wool fibers, and at the same time, breeding and improving the reproductive performance of alpine Merino sheep, so that new varieties can develop qualitative changes. Continuously improve the comprehensive quality of this species, cultivate new product lines suitable for the actual situation of Gansu Province, adapt to the high-cold pastoral areas and the laws of market economy, enrich the internal structure of the varieties, and scientifically treat the species, change the borders, and cultivate and reform. 4.3 Accelerate the promotion and popularization of practical technologies. Further increase the use of warm shelter technology, artificial insemination technology, early weaning, nutritional supplements and other practical techniques to promote the popularization of reasonable and orderly development of hybrid improved technology. To further promote the construction of family ranch, play a leading role in demonstration, shorten the process of science and technology transformation, and accelerate the pace of science and technology promotion. 4.4 Carry out advanced and reasonable methods of breeding. Scientific breeding methods and feeding conditions are the guarantee for the creation of new varieties and new strains. To speed up the breeding process of alpine Merino sheep breeds and increase the number and quality of breeding sheep, open cultivation of core populations should be actively carried out and molecular markers applied. Assisted selection of breeding, MOET and other advanced technologies, adoption of BLUP precision management and seed selection methods to accelerate early breeding techniques. 4.5 Increase efforts to support the fine wool sheep industry. We will strengthen horizontal and vertical integration and integration, establish a fine-grass sheep protection area, and establish a leading organization for the production of new fine-wool sheep breeds in our province to be responsible for production, distribution, planning, management, and coordination. We will increase scientific research projects and subsidy policies for the implementation of the new varieties of alpine Merino sheep, invest in infrastructure construction in the production areas and base counties, and establish a fine wool sheep trading information platform. 4.6 Continuously improve the standard production of fine wool. In the main production areas of fine wool sheep, the company will carry out training on standardized production techniques for fine wool, and use scientific standards to standardize the development of shearing, grading, packaging, and transaction of wool in late-stage management, and continue to promote sheep clothing, standard marking, and machinery. Shearing, classification, specifications packaged storage and other fine wool standard production technology operating procedures. 4.7 Implement joint breeding and cooperative development. With the help of the national cashmere sheep industrial technology system, a nationwide fine-grained and ultra-fine wool sheep production consortium will be established to implement joint breeding, cooperative development, resource sharing, and unified production. Encourage the development of leading enterprises, implement industrialized operations, and promote industrial development through leading enterprises. Encourage and guide the development of fine-mao sheep cooperatives and modern family farms, and give full play to their role in connecting production and markets. Want to learn more about cashmere sweater: accessible More exciting, welcome to pay attention to "cashmere sweater industry platform" Children Kn95 Face Masks Children Kn95 Face Masks,Children Surgical Masks,Kn95 Folding Face Mask,Nonwoven Face Mask Suzhou Ruihan Automation Technology Co. LTD , https://www.ruihansz.com
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Summary:
March 06, 2023